Business Analysis Part I Ford Motor Company Essays

Business Analysis Part I Ford Motor Company Essays Business Analysis Part I Ford Motor Company Essay Business Analysis Part I Ford Motor Company Essay Business Analysis Part II Ford Motor Company Rocio Rodriguez MGT/521 Management May 25, 2011 Nickolas Skelton Business Analysis Part I Ford Motor Company Henry Ford and a gathering of financial specialists established what is known as the Ford Motor Company in 1903 based out in Dearborn, Michigan. The business person started fabricating the entirety of the car parts utilized underway and began the advancement of a moving mechanical production system to mass produce vehicles that are reasonable to general society. Despite the fact that the organization changed names and financial specialists a couple of times, it stayed sufficiently able to make due through the extraordinary despondency and become one of the biggest vehicle makers on the planet today. The accompanying examination covers the company’s qualities, shortcomings, openings, and dangers to get a superior comprehension of the victories and ruins of Ford Motor Company. Qualities Despite of the ongoing downturn in the economy, Ford stays a serious power in vehicle producing market. Certain components exist that reinforce the company’s brand and item. For instance, Ford Motor Company is the top fourth biggest vehicle fabricating substance on the planet (Ford, 2011). The organization has 90 assembling plants around the world, 7,000 provider offices that circulate vehicles in six mainlands, and every one of the 50 U. S. states (Ford, 2011). Portage has a solid nearness in the market and is effortlessly perceived worldwide with the trademark â€Å"Built Ford Tough† as the organization adage (Ford, 2011). The organization maintains an upper hand by following imaginative patterns that draw in the consideration of more buyers. One of these patterns centers around eco-friendliness, welcomed on by the current crumbling monetary state. Ford’s eco-friendly setup expanded deals by 19% since the dispatch in 2009 (Ford, 2011). Indeed, even the less monetary models are still sought after due to their plan, solidness, and flexibility. The Ford-F150, Ford’s most mainstream vehicle, is the current top vender available during the current year (Ford, 2011). Portage is easily sitting at #10 on the Fortune 500 rundown and has made a shocking $6. 6 billion in net gain for the primary quarter of 2011, which is the most the organization has made in the ast 10 years (Ford Motor Company, 2011). Passage set up Ford Motor Credit Company to offer the open an increasingly available approach to fund vehicles and made due through the bombing economy. The organization made it with no administration bailout reserves on the grounds that the proprietor made a savvy move and acquired $24 billion in financing a brief timefr ame before the economy got ugly (Ford Motor Company, 2001). That cash helped the organization remain above water until they could make benefit once more. Another quality the organization has is its notoriety and their corporate social duty with people in general and the earth. Passage Motor Company offers help to numerous causes, for example, catastrophe aid ventures in the United States, puts resources into training for youngsters, advances safe driving projects for adolescents, and enables American ranchers to endeavor (Ford Motor Company, 2011). Passage is likewise a glad supporter of NASCAR and began the Performance Racing Parts section of the business. The organization is following the pattern of earth agreeable items by exploring sun based fueled and electric vehicles that diminish emanations and mischief nature. The organization intends to put $14 billion in Research and Development in 2011 to improve eco-friendliness in Ford models by over 25% (Mulally, 2010). As a result of the steady commitment and association in the network, people in general knows that Ford isn't in it only for the cash; at last Ford contributes and has any kind of effect in the public arena and grasps the earth’s natural wellbeing. Shortcomings Despite all the qualities referenced above, there are shortcomings that can frustrate Ford’s achievement. The most evident shortcoming is the upsetting economy. The financial defeat influenced everybody including all vehicle makers. Buyers lost positions, homes, and solidness during these intense occasions, and buying vehicles was not, at this point a need for most Americans. The interest for vehicles, particularly trucks, dropped significantly on account of the absence of salary for buyers, the ascent in gas costs, and less loaning chances. Furthermore, similarly as the economy fell, so did the stock costs. Passage stock costs hit a definitive low in 2009 selling at $1. 74 contrasted with the $14. 91 in the primary quarter of 2011 (History of the Stock Market Crash, 2011). The most perilous impediment for Ford’s frail piece of the overall industry North American car activities. Ford’s piece of the pie dropped 6. 3% from 2003 to 2008 and is at present making a gradual increment (Ford, 2008). Contenders like Toyota and Honda drove the market with quality, eco-friendly models, at a deal cost. The shortcoming that discolored Ford’s notoriety and budgetary wellbeing must be the reviews of certain models since security concerns. Portage reviewed an aggregate of 16 million vehicles in 2009 on account of a flawed voyage control switch that causes a fire in the vehicle (Ford, 2008). So also, in 2008 Ford reviewed Escape models because of transmission disappointment issues. Also, who can overlook the famous Firestone tire review in 2001 that killed numerous drivers around the world (Ford, 2008). The track on the inadequate tires on most Explorer models stripped off and when they bombed it made the vehicle turn over and cause deadly mishaps (Legal Information Center, 2001). This review cost Ford $2 billion, the upper hand in the United States light-truck and game/utility vehicle showcase, and the trust of the buyer (Isidore, 2001). Openings Nonetheless, Ford has pushed ahead and gained from their encounters and is centered around growing the open doors for the business. Since the natural factor is a main pattern in the market, Ford has accepted the open door to extend their product offering to line up with the buyer request. The organization built up the EcoBoost V6 motors that give 20% better mileage and lessen carbon monoxide outflows by 15% (MediaFord. com, 2011). Cross breed models are presently underway and the organization intends to twofold their yield in 2009 to satisfy purchaser need. Portage is contributing and exploring new innovation to deliver electric and sunlight based controlled vehicles sooner rather than later just as keen vehicles, or talking vehicles intended to help make the streets a more secure spot. The company’s endeavors have not been futile. The organization was granted the 2011 Best New Technology Award for their imaginative back inflatable safety belt configuration (Ford Motor Company, 2011). Thus, the mammoth vehicle producer likewise turned into the first to win top security appraisals worldwide for their Fiesta and Ford F-150 models (Ford Motor Company, 2011). The last open door that can assist Ford with increasing worldwide piece of the pie is the association with China to create the Ford Fiesta model. Passage uncovered the Fiesta in China in 2009 and by 2010 the organization sold in excess of 75,000 vehicles, 59% more than the earlier year (MediaFord. com, 2011). The Fiesta got a warm greeting from the Chinese shoppers with its snappy outside, eco-friendliness, and even got a five-star security rating from the China Automotive Technology and Research Center (CATARC) (MediaFord. com, 2011). With the accomplishment of the dispatch in China, Ford can extend worldwide and investigate different open doors in remote nations to enter and develop the Ford name. Dangers The last factor to consider in the examination is the dangers that frustrate Fords accomplishment in the market. These elements can keep the organization from developing as arranged and possibly hurt the goliath automaker’s money related solidness. Huge numbers of similar elements recorded as shortcomings can be possible dangers. For instance, the downturn and the ascent in fuel costs. As costs rise, purchasers search for approaches to decrease their costs by either devouring less gas or supplanting their gas guzzlers with conservative eco-friendly models. In the event that Ford neglects to deliver a conservative, eco-friendly model that fulfills the consumer’s needs, the open will at present buy a vehicle yet certainly not a Ford model. The ascent in crude materials can likewise represent a danger to Ford on the grounds that the organization needs to give a moderate item that fulfills the need for wellbeing, solidness, and quality, all while keeping creation costs at sensible rates to make a benefit. Creating vehicles with shoddy materials to keep inside financial plan can hazard the wellbeing of the end client and hazard the notoriety of the Ford brand. Fixing any expected issues with future reviews is typically more costly than delivering the item meeting every government rule. The last significant danger to the Ford Motor Company is the absence of interest in Research and Development and Quality Control. Contrasted with the opposition, Ford misses the mark in capital spending, which can block the chance of development. For instance, Ford’s greatest contender, Toyota diminished their capital spending from $1. trillion to $670 billion during 2010 in light of the money related emergency (Dow Jones, 2010). In examination, Ford normally burns through five to six billion dollars in capital going through every year totaling $4. 5 billion during 2010 (Ford Motor Company, 2011). With that much distinction in capital spending, the opposition has the methods and the edge to build up the following best thing out available, deserting Ford. To sum up the examination, the Ford Motor Company can possibly stay one of the top vehicle m

Rpo Challenges and Opportunities Essay Example

Keep moving!

Keep moving! A college class was graduating on a hot and humid day.As the graduates walked across the platform and received their diplomas from the president of the college, he smiled, shook their hands, and said loudly, Congratulations! Then, in a much lower voice, one that was firm and could be heard only by the graduates, he would say, Keep moving.He was only trying to keep the line moving across the stage, but his words were good advice for a lifetime: Keep moving. After every achievement growing up, graduation, marriage, job promotion, even retirement the best advice is, Keep moving. Dont stop. Dont stagnate. There is more to life than you have found thus far. This is not the end; it is only the beginning. Keep moving.When we approach life with this attitude, we look forward to the future and what God has in store for us.LCDR Michael L. Schutz, CHC, USN

Definition Of Abnormality, Classification Systems And...

Definition of abnormality, classification systems and demographics of psychological disorders The poster is going to outline the definition of abnormality and describe two diagnostic classification systems whilst referencing the diagnostic criteria for Schizophrenia and an overlook of its subtype catatonic schizophrenia. An analysis of the validity, reliability, practicalities and ethical issues will be covered when referring to the diagnostic classification systems and lastly the demographics and statistics surrounding schizophrenia with reference to age, gender and ethnicity will be thoroughly examined Statistical Infrequency By using the statistical infrequency definition, a person’s way of thinking or behaviour is classified as abnormal if it is statistically unusual amongst a selected society. With this definition it is very important to decide how statistically rare a behaviour or trait is before it is classified as abnormal. For example a person who has a higher IQ level than the society’s average is then classified as abnormal but contrary to this a person would be highly regarded for their intelligence, this is due to the method failing to identify the appeal of that certain trait (Cardwell, Clark and Meldrum, 2008). As mentioned the definition ignores desirability of some behaviours and traits, it also does not take in to account of cultural differences and it is not clear by how much a behaviour should deviate from what’s normal for it to be considered abnormalShow MoreRelatedCbt for Psychosis4494 Words   |  18 Pages1900’s there was a shift in the perception of psychosis and possible psychological processes contributing to psychotic experiences. Bentall (1993) further supported this by writing about understanding psychotic symptoms based on an individuals’ presenting distress/ difficulties rather than focusing on a medical model of psychosis treatment. 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The causes of the wage gap between men and women in the United States Free Essay Example, 2500 words

Different researchers have independently obtained results from statistical analyses of varying data sets, which consistently show that the gender wage gap is largely attributable to the differences in occupations chosen by male and female workers (Boraas & Rodgers, 2003). Female workers primarily dominate occupations that proffer relatively low salaries like teaching, nursing, secretarial positions, and clerks in retail outlets. In contrast, men principally work in occupations that offer comparatively high compensation hence most tend to be scientists, doctors, engineers, lawyers, and company executives, among other high-ranking professions. As a result of this disproportionate propensity to work in occupations that are notably different, the average wages earned by women are generally lower than the mean compensation accrued by men. In further support of the occupational disparity theory, statistical analysis findings by Joy (2006) indicate that the selection of males and females a mong various professions starts with their respective choice of academic disciplines. While most men choose disciplines like engineering, medicine, and science, among other majors deemed relatively difficult, women mainly opt for enrollment in education and arts. This disparate enrollment of men and females in these disciplines lays the foundation for their respective dominance in affiliated occupations and the ultimate difference in the level of compensation. We will write a custom essay sample on The causes of the wage gap between men and women in the United States or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The variance in occupation selection is undoubtedly a feasible explanation of the gender wage gap, as is further reinforced by the fact that it has narrowed over the years following continuous efforts by women to venture into male dominated professions (Mulligan & Rubinstein, 2008). This shows, however, that occupational difference cannot serve as the sole explanatory factor of the gender pay gap, since it fails to account for the current difference in compensation between males and females in the same profession. Other potent causes are, therefore, explored further hereunder. Women Discrimination in Hiring Gender discrimination or prejudice in the recruitment process refers to the tendency of employers to prefer a certain type of worker, while excluding another, solely on the basis of a candidate’s membership to either sex. Such discrimination may occur in two forms, that is, taste or statistical prejudice. In case of the former, an employer may have a personal preference of men over women employees, whereas in the case of statistical discrimination, the employer could wield wrong information about potential female candidates.

Marketing to the Bottom of the Pyramid Free Essays

The concept of the Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) market was originally developed by C.K. Prahalad in â€Å"The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid† to highlight a large potential market made up of a large segment of the world’s population that has, until recently, been an ignored market segment among multinational companies. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing to the Bottom of the Pyramid or any similar topic only for you Order Now In an age of increasing global competition and near-saturation for some products in more mature markets, this multi-cultural segment, made up of people from all parts of the world that earn less than two dollars a day, can generate significant revenues and be profitable for companies who have developed appropriate strategies for reaching this market segment. Among the issues related to BOPMs are establishing appropriate distribution channels, developing and pricing products that have value for those in these markets, and finding creative ways for financing. In terms of financing, this would include not only that related to the purchase of a product for those with relatively low incomes, but would also include strategies for financing business initiatives on the local level. Perspectives Stakeholder would include the local populations that make up the BOPMs. Cultural considerations must be a key component of product development and advertising. Care must be given that products will not harm those to whom they are marketed. Also, companies are stakeholders in that new strategies including BOPMs may be important ways for a company to grow organically. In extension, many large multinational firms are public-traded companies. As such, shareholders are the owners and increasing shareholder value is a goal. Discussion †¢ Ethics of marketing certain products to people in the BOPM. †¢ Issues related to distribution channels. It seems that companies marketing to BOPMs must think beyond the traditionally accepted distribution channels. Many people in BOPMs live in remote, harder to reach, areas. †¢ Issues related to advertising. Television and radio advertising are one approach, but may not be the best way to reach the target market. Action/Recommendation Distributions Channels A successful strategy for marketing to these segments would include more direct marketing, with people getting paid on commissions. For retailers, marketing efforts should be geared toward lower volume sales in smaller stores. In contrast to what we are accustomed to in our domestic market in which we shop in large retails stores where the prices per unit decreases as the product size increases, BOPMs would require a different approach. These markets would require smaller, possibly individual-size products that could be purchased for a relatively small amount of money for people that probably do not have credit and do not have a significant amount of money on any given day. Product Development In addition to the size of products offered, other important factors need to be considered. In terms of packaging, climate is important—products may be offered in small, more or less open-air stores in hot climates, for example. More important for products that have a technical component, consideration also needs to be given to the level of features available. Whereas some features ,such as battery capacity—important as noted in the case for those without reliable sources of electricity—may be critical for product success, others may not be useful and my unnecessarily increase the price or the complexity of the product. How to cite Marketing to the Bottom of the Pyramid, Essay examples

Marketing to the Bottom of the Pyramid Free Essays

The concept of the Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) market was originally developed by C.K. Prahalad in â€Å"The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid† to highlight a large potential market made up of a large segment of the world’s population that has, until recently, been an ignored market segment among multinational companies. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing to the Bottom of the Pyramid or any similar topic only for you Order Now In an age of increasing global competition and near-saturation for some products in more mature markets, this multi-cultural segment, made up of people from all parts of the world that earn less than two dollars a day, can generate significant revenues and be profitable for companies who have developed appropriate strategies for reaching this market segment. Among the issues related to BOPMs are establishing appropriate distribution channels, developing and pricing products that have value for those in these markets, and finding creative ways for financing. In terms of financing, this would include not only that related to the purchase of a product for those with relatively low incomes, but would also include strategies for financing business initiatives on the local level. Perspectives Stakeholder would include the local populations that make up the BOPMs. Cultural considerations must be a key component of product development and advertising. Care must be given that products will not harm those to whom they are marketed. Also, companies are stakeholders in that new strategies including BOPMs may be important ways for a company to grow organically. In extension, many large multinational firms are public-traded companies. As such, shareholders are the owners and increasing shareholder value is a goal. Discussion †¢ Ethics of marketing certain products to people in the BOPM. †¢ Issues related to distribution channels. It seems that companies marketing to BOPMs must think beyond the traditionally accepted distribution channels. Many people in BOPMs live in remote, harder to reach, areas. †¢ Issues related to advertising. Television and radio advertising are one approach, but may not be the best way to reach the target market. Action/Recommendation Distributions Channels A successful strategy for marketing to these segments would include more direct marketing, with people getting paid on commissions. For retailers, marketing efforts should be geared toward lower volume sales in smaller stores. In contrast to what we are accustomed to in our domestic market in which we shop in large retails stores where the prices per unit decreases as the product size increases, BOPMs would require a different approach. These markets would require smaller, possibly individual-size products that could be purchased for a relatively small amount of money for people that probably do not have credit and do not have a significant amount of money on any given day. Product Development In addition to the size of products offered, other important factors need to be considered. In terms of packaging, climate is important—products may be offered in small, more or less open-air stores in hot climates, for example. More important for products that have a technical component, consideration also needs to be given to the level of features available. Whereas some features ,such as battery capacity—important as noted in the case for those without reliable sources of electricity—may be critical for product success, others may not be useful and my unnecessarily increase the price or the complexity of the product. How to cite Marketing to the Bottom of the Pyramid, Essay examples

Deliberate Practice Improves Clinical Performance †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Deliberate Practice Improves Clinical Performance. Answer: Introduction: Deliberate practice related to any skills is used to refer to a special kind of practice that is systematic and purposeful. Regular practice of any task involves mindless repetitions. However, practicing a task deliberately requires more attention and focus. Its main goal is performance improvement. It helps in maximizing the potential by turning the former into reality. Surgery refers to medical specialties that utilize operative instrumental and manual techniques upon a patient and investigates any serious pathological condition to improve body functioning (Hambrick et al., 2014). Deliberate clinical practice fosters surgical skills by motivating learning, providing detailed feedback and refinement opportunities. This report will include a literature review that will illustrate the effect of deliberate practice in enhancing surgical skills and technical proficiency. The overall purpose of the literature review is to investigate the effects of deliberate practice results in enhanced technical performance in an operation theatre. The research studies were selected from databases like CINAHL, MEDLINE and SCOPUS. The inclusion criteria included peer reviewed journals, published in English not before 2012. Studies published prior to 2012 were excluded. One study conducted by Palter Grantcharov, (2014) used a blinded randomized trial to assess the effects of deliberate practice on surgical skill improvements. 16 novice surgical residents were recruited to a deliberate practice group and conventional training group. A video recording of laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done for both the groups. 3 assessment tools measured the technical performance of the residents. The trainees practiced a task again if the scores were less than 60%. It was found that DP residents showed improved technical skills post intervention (17.0 median score). Another study th at assessed the effect of deliberate practice on expert surgical performance recruited 15 junior residents and the practice group was given 30 minutes of practice sessions between laparoscopic surgeries while, the control group read journals or viewed educational videos. On comparing the performance using Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed rank test it was found that the DP group showed increased surgical performance in procedure-specific rating scale and global scale. However, the control group did not show any significant improvement in procedure-specific rating scale. This study provided evidence for the improvement in LC performance over many sessions (Hashimoto et al., 2015). A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of virtual reality training on laparoscopic surgery that included 32 trainees who did not have any experience of laparoscopic surgery. Proficiency based virtual reality simulation training was used as the intervention. Laparoscopic sal pingectomy training was provided to the participants and the controls were subjected to standard education. On measuring the technical performance, the simulator trained group showed a better median score of 33 points while, the control group reached a score of 23 points. This study established that virtual reality simulator training increases proficiency in laparoscopic surgery (Larsen et al., 2012). Another study compared the effect of OSATS (Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills) on the performance of two gynecology and obstetrics resident groups. Some postgraduate students who underwent focused and deliberate training in hysteroscope assembly and operativehysteroscopic polypectomy performed better when compared to the untrained residents. Their global skills cores, resection and assembly time scores significantly improved (Rackow et al., 2012). The effect of virtual reality training on improvements of ear, nose and throat surgery was demonstrated by a study that used computer generated imagery as the simulated training environment. A randomized control trial included 210 participants and showed that virtual reality group performance significantly increased and displayed better psychomotor score (mean difference -1.66, 95% CI 0.52-2.81; 10-point scale) and shorter time to complete the operation (mean difference-5.50, 95% CI 9.97-1.03).One particular study showed t hat medical students who acquire anatomical knowledge by virtual training perform better during surgeries than those who participate in conventional training (mean difference- 4.3, 95% CI 2.05-6.55) (Piromchai et al., 2012). A meta-analytic comparative review assessed the effect of simulation-based medical education (SBME) and traditional clinical education on skill acquisition. The results showed that SBME with deliberate practice is more consistent and powerful. SBME proved superior when compared to traditional clinical education for acquiring a wide variety of medical skills. The study proved that a laparoscopic surgery, advanced cardiac life support, hemodialysis catheter insertion, cardiac auscultation, central venous catheter insertion and thoracentesis improves when residents participate in deliberate practice (McGaghie et al., 2014). A study conducted by Yudkowsky et al., (2013) evaluated the impact of simulation-based practices on virtual brains on the performance of neurosurgery residents in live and simulated neurosurgical procedures like ventriculostomies. CT scans were used to prepare a library of 15 virtual brains for haptic simulator, ImmersiveTouch system and head and hand-tracked augmented reality. Linear mixed model was used to analyze the performance of the residents on novel brains in the simulator and before and after surgery following intervention was analyzed. Live procedure outcomes and simulator cannulation rates showed an increase after intervention and improved procedural skills. Improved performance among 4th year medical students compared to senior surgery residents was displayed by a study that assessed the impact of deliberate practice dedicated instruction coronary anastomosis proficiency using a porcine heart model. The participants were compared to non-simulator trained senior surgery re sidents. Deliberate practice methodology was used for 4 months and the respondents were filmed during anastomosis by three cardiac surgeons. The median combined final scores suggested focused simulator training improves technical proficiency compared to real-time training (Nesbitt et al., 2013). Improvement of subarachnoid block performance on simulation based deliberate practice was measured by a study. Half of 21 residents were randomized to receive deliberate practice that included expert guidance, repetition and real-time feedback. The subarachnoid performance of residents was tested on the next three patients in the operation theatre. It was found that the intervention group showed significant improvement benefits from the deliberate practice training (Udani et al., 2014). Drawing inferences from the literature search it can be stated that medical professionals need to continuously learn to deliver superior quality of health care.Life long learning, involves continuous scrutinizing and building of real-time practice, which helps doctors to improve their skills. Medical schools do not prepare a resident doctor completely for the challenging tasks, responsibilities and long work hours at operation theatres. The fittest doctors survive by learning from deliberate practice and implementing the learned outcomes while performing surgeries. On the other hand, doctors who are not exposed to simulation based training fail to learn new aspects of medicine and often become mentally and physically exhausted. This causes dissatisfaction, surgical errors and burn out. The current restrictions imposed on working hours, shorter hospital stay, changes in organization of healthcare and breakdown of medical firms make the situation even worse and necessitate efficient le arning from practice (Macnamara, Hambrick Oswald, 2014). Deliberate practice acts as a highly structured training. It explicitly directs improvement of performance in particular surgical domains. Such practices involve rigorous assessment of skills, repetitive performance related to psychomotor and cognitive skills, providing regular feedback and their implications on better skill performance. The specific tasks are designed in such a way that they assist in overcoming weaknesses. The performances after the training carefully monitored, generally using video recordings. This provides cues to the doctors to identify their drawbacks and achieve further improvement. Thus, it can be stated that deliberate practice is not just a mindless repetition of certain medical tasks. However, they associate training to a focused approach and motivate the participants to reach a well-defined goal. Results from several research studies indicate that high fidelity simulation mechanisms contribute to the development of novice junior medical practitioners to experts during their undergraduate training in medicine. This leads to effective performance. Real world exposure to wide range of surgical procedures may give the doctors an idea of the events and challenges that might occur inside an operation theatre (Ericsson, 2015). However, inadequate training may affect patient safety while participating in complicated surgeries. Virtual simulation based environment therefore serve as an effective tool for training. They reduce chances of failure or life-threatening risks. It can be deduced from the study results that such practice trainings reduce the number of surgi cal errors and enhance the rate of skill acquisition. Moreover, it helps healthcare practitioners to improve their planning strategies based on the experiences and shortcomings they encountering while practicing surgery in a simulated environment. It not only helps novices and trainees who lack adequate experience in real-time surgical context, but also assists experienced and professional surgeons to acquire more exposure to new surgical procedures and become adept at learning new technologies before they can be implemented on a patient in an operation theatre. It can be deciphered from the research studies that have been conducted that practicing surgical activities attributes to an increase in focus and awareness among students on the desired outcomes of the surgical intervention. This significantly enhances effectiveness of the practice (Weller et al., 2012). Thus, the medical surgeons are able to refine their performance by utilizing these aspects of deliberate practice. On interpreting the results if the research studies it can be concluded that the junior surgeons gradually learn to make efficient use of their time, resources and energy while practicing in a virtual hospital setting. Routine practice is not just enough to enable the surgeons to gain better expertise. The progress of surgeons also depends on their sustained efforts to enhance their performance by identifying the specific targets that need improvement. Though, construction of a fully immersive virtual operation theatre environment can be expensive, the advancements that they produce in learning of surgical techniques are quite significant when compared to common training methods. Hence, it can be concluded that clinical skill development can be facilitated by making junior surgeons equipped with surgical skills through deliberate practice and not just by experience. References Ericsson, K. A. (2015). Acquisition and maintenance of medical expertise: a perspective from the expert-performance approach with deliberate practice.Academic Medicine,90(11), 1471-1486. Hambrick, D. Z., Oswald, F. L., Altmann, E. M., Meinz, E. J., Gobet, F., Campitelli, G. (2014). Deliberate practice: Is that all it takes to become an expert?.Intelligence,45, 34-45. Hashimoto, D. A., Sirimanna, P., Gomez, E. D., Beyer-Berjot, L., Ericsson, K. A., Williams, N. N., ... Aggarwal, R. (2015). Deliberate practice enhances quality of laparoscopic surgical performance in a randomized controlled trial: from arrested development to expert performance.Surgical endoscopy,29(11), 3154-3162. Larsen, C. R., Oestergaard, J., Ottesen, B. S., Soerensen, J. L. (2012). The efficacy of virtual reality simulation training in laparoscopy: a systematic review of randomized trials.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica,91(9), 1015-1028. Macnamara, B. N., Hambrick, D. Z., Oswald, F. L. (2014). Deliberate practice and performance in music, games, sports, education, and professions: A meta-analysis.Psychological science,25(8), 1608-1618. McGaghie, W. C., Issenberg, S. B., Barsuk, J. H., Wayne, D. B. (2014). A critical review of simulation?based mastery learning with translational outcomes.Medical Education,48(4), 375-385. Nesbitt, J. C., St Julien, J., Absi, T. S., Ahmad, R. M., Grogan, E. L., Balaguer, J. M., ... Putnam, J. B. (2013). Tissue-based coronary surgery simulation: medical student deliberate practice can achieve equivalency to senior surgery residents.The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery,145(6), 1453-1459. Palter, V. N., Grantcharov, T. P. (2014). Individualized deliberate practice on a virtual reality simulator improves technical performance of surgical novices in the operating room: a randomized controlled trial.Annals of surgery,259(3), 443-448. Piromchai, P., Avery, A., Laopaiboon, M., Kennedy, G., OLeary, S. (2012). Virtual reality training for improving the skills needed for performing surgery of the ear, nose or throat.status and date: New, published in, (11). Rackow, B. W., Solnik, M. J., Tu, F. F., Senapati, S., Pozolo, K. E., Du, H. (2012). Deliberate practice improves obstetrics and gynecology residents' hysteroscopy skills.Journal of graduate medical education,4(3), 329-334. Udani, A. D., Macario, A., Nandagopal, K., Tanaka, M. A., Tanaka, P. P. (2014). Simulation-based mastery learning with deliberate practice improves clinical performance in spinal anesthesia.Anesthesiology research and practice,2014. Weller, J. M., Nestel, D., Marshall, S. D., Brooks, P. M., Conn, J. J. (2012). Simulation in clinical teaching and learning.Med J Aust,196(9), 594. Yudkowsky, R., Luciano, C., Banerjee, P., Schwartz, A., Alaraj, A., Lemole Jr, G. M., ... Bendok, B. (2013). Practice on an augmented reality/haptic simulator and library of virtual brains improves residents ability to perform a ventriculostomy.Simulation in Healthcare,8(1), 25-31.

Haitian Creole Essays - Greater Antilles, Mulatto, Person Of Color

Haitian Creole Christopher Columbus claimed Haiti when he landed there in 1492. Arawak Indians were the original inhabitants of this island when Columbus arrived. Later, the island became a colony of England. Haiti remained virtually unsettled until the mid-17th century, when French colonists, importing African slaves, developed sugar plantations in the north. Under French rule from 1697, Haiti (then called Saint-Domingue) became one of the world's richest sugar and coffee producers. Soon, Haiti became a land of wealth with the vast use of slavery as their method of production. The rising demand for sugar, coffee, cotton, and tobacco created a greater demand for slaves by other slave trading countries. Spain, France, the Dutch, and English were in competition for the cheap labor needed to work their colonial plantation system producing those lucrative goods. The slave trade was so profitable that, by 1672, the Royal African Company chartered by Charles II of England superseded the other traders and became the richest shipper of human slaves to the mainland of the Americas. The slaves were so valuable to the open market - they were eventually called "Black Gold." Plantation owners began to be represented in the colony either by their agents or plantation managers, who kept them, informed of production levels, profits, expenses, and the general operations of the plantation. The arrogance and conceit of these agents, or procurers, was that they were surrounded by a multitude of domestic slaves to satisfy every want or need of their own. The greater number of domestic slaves one may have entails a great amount of prestige for these people in their time of the early 1700's and no though was given to the immoral ways and acts taken by their race because they though it not an issue. Plantation owners and those of the like continued to be heavily involved in social aspects of culture and the French way of life. Commuting from their authoritatively constructed world of pleasure in France with wealth and prestige combined with the occasional visits to the plantation for business. The life of a plantation owner and those that surround him is of luxury and negative profusion. The Haitians are almost wholly black, with a culture that is a unique mixture of African and French influences. Haiti was a French colony until 1791 when, fired by the example of the French Revolution, the black slaves revolted, massacred the French landowners and proclaimed the world's first black republic. As noted, this is the first revolution of slaves against their owners and their success did not go unnoticed. The treatment of slaves around the globe is quite unjust. Because of the colonization of Haiti by France, the importation of African slaves, and the original inhabitants, the Arawak Indians, three languages were spoken on the island. This sparked a need for a common language between the inhabitants of the island. In fact, a large factor in the success of the Haitian Revolution (1804) was the creation of Haitian Creole through African dialects and French. The fact that the majority of the residents spoke their language made their domination even more prevalent. The language was created through the slavery and the need for communication. The people of Haiti were also aware that Creole was spreading to Jamaica as well and their match had been met. 'Invisible' and anxious to be 'seen' by their masters, the privileged few of the black culture and the mass of freed blacks conceived of visibility through the eyes of their masters' already uncertain vision of life. The slaves of Haiti rose up against their French and mulatto masters in August of 1791. This marked the beginning of the end of one of the greatest wealth-producing slave colonies the world had ever known. The early leaders forming the core of this movement were Boukman Dutty, Jeannot Bullet, Jean-Francois, and George Biassou. Later, slaves armies were commanded by General Toussaint who was eventually betrayed by his officers Jean-Jacques Dessalines and Henri Christophe who opposed his policies. The revolt consisted of long days and nights and the energy to continue to fight and defend their cause. It ended in 1804 and the island of Haiti became a free land without slavery. Haitian Creole preserves much of French phonological, morphological, syntactical, and lexical characteristics, but a merger of both French structural features and West African features characterizes the language. The inflectional system of French is greatly reduced. As with the pidgin languages, which result from the need to communicate with the overseers and those who did not share the same language, this was

What is Applied Management Science

What is Applied Management Science Decision-making encompasses all aspects of human life. However, the problem is how to ascertain whether one has the required skills and knowledge to make optimal decisions. This led to the emergence of Applied Management Science as an important field in various sectors of learning. Applied refers to making practical application of something that is not theoretical.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What is Applied Management Science? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Management on the other hand refers to the control of activities within the set guidelines and policies for the achievement of specific objectives. Science is the identification, observation, investigation, and explanation of theoretical phenomena. Applied Management Science therefore refers to the science of solving business problems. It assists business managers in making optimal, informed, and satisfactory decisions. Business managers face complex and dy namic challenges that not only demand forethought, but also call for optimal and informed decisions making to provide solutions to business challenges on daily basis. This calls for developing complex scientific models capable of analyzing the situations and providing indicators that assist managers in decision-making. Applied Management Science therefore ensures that decisions made by business managers are products of strategic thinking processes and are aimed at improving operations. In other words, it offers practical information in decision making that is an indicator to success in business. The process of mainstream decision-making has not received mainstream attention because of the dynamic and evolving nature of business challenges. The development of a universally accepted decision making model becomes a big challenge because business decisions change and remain unique within the each business set-up and culture. Despite the fact that business, education, and psychology comm unities embrace decision aides, the public may not adopt the application of these aides. This is because most decisions made by the public are personal and may not demand complex processes to determine their levels of accuracy. Indecisiveness has been a major problem to psychologists because it does not translate to anything good in life. The inability to make a decision and pursue a course presents unwanted challenges within career and family. Human beings must have a determination in life and to move ahead with ambitions, there must be the component of decision-making on what and where one is moving. Indecision in career, family, and general life translates to failure, confusion, unfulfilled ambitions, and frustrations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To entrench the character of courage and instill ambition on an individual, it is imperative that decision-making skills be taught in high schools. This is because of its implications on an individual and in society. Skills in decision-making and right judgment should be enhanced on an individual from early age. From the discussions, it is seen that management science is a form of applied decision-making in organizations, and business problem solving. This is because it enhances the capacity of business managers to make rational and satisfactory decisions that not only solve problems in business, but also ensure improvement in operations. Whereas some schools of thought posit that management science make decisions, the reality is that management science equips managers with the skills in making satisfactory decisions. These involve a combination of qualitative techniques, hypothesis formulation, and analysis to find solutions to complex management problems. Quantitative analysis for management problems has become more widely used in the past years because it employs scientific and systematic t echniques and procedures in seeking solutions to management problems.

Company Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 4

Company Law - Essay Example This will be accomplished by setting out the main features of the limited liability company and the partnership. Once these features are set out, comparisons relative to the advantages of a registered limited liability company over a partnership can be explained and evaluated. The main legal benefits of a registered limited liability company is the existence of perpetual life, its separate legal personality from its incorporators and the limited liability of shareholders and other classes of owners and investors.2 Under UK company law, a company has limited liability status when the shareholders’ liability is limited to the amount that is â€Å"payable for the shares†.3 A registered company simply refers to the fact that the company is registered with the companies’ registrar and is a typical function of UK company law formalities.4 The concept of limited liability was first introduced in UK law under the Limited Liability Act 1855 conferring upon shareholders what was characterized as â€Å"conditional limited liability†.5 Liability was conditional upon providing â€Å"a minimal capital† which necessitated adding the word limited to the company’s name signaling the fact of liability.6 In 1856 the UK introduced the Joint Stock Companies Act which officially made limited liability unconditional. The Companies Act 1862 reflected the concept of limited liability and the era of limited liability was deeply entrenched in the UK’s corporate culture.7 Essentially, what limited liability means is that the shareholders of the company many not be held liable for the company’s debts â€Å"beyond the amount that he has chosen to invest†.8 In other words, if the company is unable to discharge its debts the shareholders cannot be personally liable for the shortfall. A limited liability company also enjoys the status of legal personality which

The analytical essay of the movie The History Boys Assignment

The analytical essay of the movie The History Boys - Assignment Example The essay explores the dramatic elements, theme, and meanings of the film, specifically for four main characters, Hector (Richard Griffiths), Irwin (Stephen Campbell Moore), Dakin (Dominic Cooper), and Posner (Samuel Barnett). Their sexuality produces inner conflicts that intersect with outer conflicts with social norms, norms that the basic institutions of society, specifically schools and religion, define and control. The dramatic action is the pursuit of knowledge in education and life and the changes that come from â€Å"knowing† and â€Å"becoming.† The theme of the film is that the purpose of education is to not teach what is known, but to help students know the unknowns about their society and their identities because this mindset makes them critical of knowledge and truth and sensitive to the vast gender and knowledge imbalances in society. Dramatic action occurs through the action of characters on their inner and outer conflicts about their identities and their knowing of the purpose of education to their identities. Education is supposed to help students and teachers learn what they do not know yet, so that they can become whole individuals. The through action of Irwin is that he changes because he learns that as a teacher, he should not forget his own personal growth. After Dakin and his friends learn that they all passed their respective university entrance tests, he confronts Irwin and offers an indecent sexual proposal. Dakin makes a strong remark on how different Irwin is as a history teacher and as a man because he is more confident and more of a risk-taker as a teacher than as a gay man (Cusack & Hytner, 2006). Irwin is clearly struggling with his gay identity, which he seems to be ashamed of. After the sexually-charged confrontation with Dakin, however, he becomes more spontaneous with his identity, when he rides with Hector on the latter’s motorcycle. The riding act means that Irwin is no longer ashamed of his identity be cause the purpose of education for him is to learn who he is. Dakin has action through understanding that he does not have to know his exact gender to be comfortable with himself because gender and education are both fluid complex processes in life. When he talks to Irwin about the sexual tension between them, Dakin underlines that he is not completely gay: â€Å"I'm not, but it's the end of term; I've got into Oxford; I thought we might push the boat out† (Cusack & Hytner, 2006). Dakin’s main conflict is his rigid sense of heteronormativity, which involves the validity placed on heterosexual relations. In reality, he struggles with his bisexuality. Both Irwin and Dakin are unravelling their sexual identities that they have repressed, and it is their education about sexuality that releases them from the bondage of heteronormative gender norms. Hector and Posner have the same gender conflicts, being gay in a world of masculine education. Posner struggles with his sexual ity that he does not want to control, while Hector struggles with his sexuality that he wants to control, but prefers not to because of his justifications that they are mere sexual baptismal rites. Posner confesses to Irwin that he is gay and in love with Dakin, and that he does not want his gay sexuality to be a phase (Cusack & Hytner, 2006). His inner struggle is more connected with his sexual insecurity because of his social circumstances. Posner is aware of the prejudice against gay people: â€Å"

Strategy Planning and Implementation

Strategy Planning and Implementation Task 1a) The organisation of my choicce in discussing the Strategy Planning and Implementation assignment would be Pantaloon Retail India Limited. The reason behind choosing this organisation as matter of discussion can be mentioned as follows: i) I am an ex-employee of Panataloon Retail India Limited being on the rolls of the company for nearly 4 years overseeing comapanys Marketing Business Operations in the state of Gujarat, India encompassing 5 Pantaloon Retail Lifestyle stores in the cities of Ahmedabad, Baroda, Surat Rajkot in Gujarat. ii) Organised retailing is emerging in Indian sub-continent with Pantaloon Retail India Limited being the forerunner. iii) Started from a humble begiining in late 20th century with single outlet operation today it is Rs.10 billion turnover, with a presence over 30 cities with combination of 500 mega stores, super stores and lifestyle stores with over 20,000 employees. Task 1b) Stakeholders are the persons or a community(group of people) who are directly or indirectly associated with an organisation for attaining its objectives and are directly or indirectly affected by the actions, decisions and policies made by the organisation. Stakeholders of the company are its Directors, Employees, Creditors, Customers, Vendors, Government Agencies, Owners and Shareholders. Hence, in other words all the human entities directly or indirectly associated with the organisation are the stake holders of the organisation. In particular, the major stakeholders of my chosen organisation are the Employees, Customers and Vendors. Retail is man intensive industry and hence the role and importance of team work is the essence of providing international standard experience of shopping to its customers. Customers are king of the retail business. Custmers are listened, obliged, serviced and are given the primary importance in Pantaloon Retail India Limited. It is believed here that if Customers are happy then the company will survive. The company follows the M.K.Gandhis famous qoute, A customer is the most important visitor on our premises, he is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him. He is not an interruption in our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider in our business. He is part of it. We are not doing him a favor by serving him. He is doing us a favor by giving us an opportunity to do so. Vendors are the blood line of the organisation. Vendors provide the organisation with the right product win desired quantity. The also support the organisation in terms of payback period giving an edge to maintain healthy cash flows for development. Hence, we observe that these stake holders are of considerable importance to the organisation growth and to combat fierce competition and to meet customer satisfaction. The specific considerations that the company has for these stakeholders are as follows: Employees: The employees should be suitably compensated in terms of monetary and other intangible benefits so that the high level of enthusiasm towards work and customer focus is maintained. The happiness and retention of customers can be ensured only with satisfied employees. Customers: As mentioned above, Customer is the key focal point of Pantaloon, hence all the business persepective should be should be suitable oriented towards customer needs and wants. The company consideration would be providing Value for Money experience to its customers and reaching them the products wherever and whenver they want. Vendors: The company considers Vendors as partner for growth. The company has taken measurable steps towards assessing them, procuring procedure, payments and to deal with the grievance. The company has further taken a step ahead by incorporating electronic touch points to minimise the lengthy procedure and ensure time saving. Task 1c)Organised retail is agressive and is becoming challenging every moment. All the strategies formulated in Retail have been centered around the most important entity The Customer. The company has always focussed towards attracting customers, retaining the existing customers and giving customers an experience which would enable to come back again and again. The crieteria that Pantaloon focussed are: 1.Cost: The most challenging factor in todays business. A good earnings to cost ratio would only decide the fate of the retail business. No matter what top-line or bottom line a company desires, Pantaloon has always focussed on Cost Strategy to offer maximum benefit to its Customers. 2. Market Penetration: After opening its various retail formats in the metro cities in India, the company has decided the Cluster Development Strategy viz. 8 city strategy for market penetration. By doing this the company will focus towards only cluster of cities for market reach in step wise manner. 3. New Product Strategy: The company strategy has always been+ based on Ideas to give their customers something new and unique. The company looks to achieve a healthy share of each Rupee spent by the customers. Thus company started from garments retailing has moved into Food Retail, Fast Food and Speciality cuisine, Gaming, Hyper market segment, home products, e-shopping and insurance sector. 4. Square foot sales : The strategic objective of the company is to seek healthy square foot sales in order to maintain good profit margin in terms of attaining healthy top line. 5. Private Brands: One of the most important criteria for attaining strategic management objective is introducing Private Label Brands which would ensure gaining a healthy bottom-line margin. 6. Vendor Strategy: Touch screen single point operation for vendor slection, product identification and payment procedure. The company believes vendors or manufacturers are partners to the business and hence venodr management is key importance to the company. Task 1d) Pantaloon Retail India Limited was formed to deliver organised garment retailing in India. The company wanted to blend fashion with affordability. Due to its fast expansion and growth the garment trader and the dictribution channel(middle man) has also earned huge margins. They are the trader who used to source the material from the manufacturers and used to store and supply the merchandise to Pantloon. There was a sudden demand in raising the margin of the merchandise by the intermediary channel. Pantaloon used to source 80% of their merchandise of reputed brands from these channels. This sudden raise could not have direct implication on the customers as increase in price to the final product would mean losing business. Hence company initially bear this loss. After sometime the comapny wanted to discuss with these intermediate channels for price renegotiation, failing which the supply of the goods were stopped creating a vacuum in the supply. This was affected by poor merchandise and customer complaints which continued for several months till the time the company had done renegotiation with new set of Intermediary channel including contacting the manufacturers directly. Bu this, the company felt the necessity of having their own private brands including manufacturing and aquiring manufacturing set up of few other companies. The company took around 6 months for consolidation exercis e and thereafter Pantaloon relaunched its Retail Stores with nearly 80% of private manufactured merchandise. Task 2) Develop Vision, Mission, Objectives Measures a. For your chosen organisation, list down its ethical, cultural, environmental, social and business objectives. How are these influenced by the current business and economic climate? Pantaloon Retail India Limited with its multi-retail business in various sectors has consolidated its operations under the umbrella concern of Future Group. The company has laid down and oberve the following values to cover its ethical, cultural, environmental, social and business objectives. The values are as below: Ethical i) Respect Humility: Respect for every individual associated in business and be humble to all. This value entails the core people function. The company pays utmost respect, listen and act accordingly to its Customers, Employees and Vendors through various channels. The Senior Management evaluates and acts accordingly on any grievance, comments and suggestions made by Customers, Employees and Vendors. ii) Openness: To be open and receptive for new ideas, knowledge and information. The company has various platform of communication with its people and analyse all the ideas or comments and shares its opinion with the Stakeholders. E.g. the company has Share With Us Book placed in all the retail stores through which a Customer can communicate with the Senior Management. Cultural i) Valuing Nurturing Relationships: To build long-term relationships. Business particularly retail business is strategic in nature. It has complete reliance on Relationship building and nurturing the emotions.It is observed that it requires more money to attract new customers rather that retaining and satisfying new customers. ii) Simplicity Positivity: Simplicity in thought, business and actions. Thinking simple yet positive render positive vibrations in the economy and earn respect from its stakeholders. Environmental i) Flow: To respect and understand universal laws of nature. The company follows the natural way of business and respect and adheres to the rules and policies laid down from time to time. It also acts accordingly keeping in mind the current economic condition and takes steps relevant in order to satisfy needs of its stake holders. Social i) Indianness : Confidence within ourselves and amongst our product. The company respects Indian culture and offer the products that suits Indian households. ii) Adaptability: To be adaptive and flexible to meet new challenges.The only thing that is constant in the Universe is Change. Hence the company is always open to change and modify accordingly its product lines as per the need and demand of the present market. Business Objectives i) Intropsection: Leading to purposeful thinking. The company from time to time does meaningful invigoration of its entire process in order to audit and take any corrective action if any. Based on the outcome the company re-strategise any of its process or function. ii) Leadership: Leadership in thought and idea and its application in business. The comany belives to be Number 1 in whatever business they are and work hard to retain its position. (Source:Pantaloon Retail India Limited website id http://www.pantaloon.com/corporate_state.asp,Dated October 26, 2009) Based on the above, it is clearly observed that Pantaloon Retail India Limited is equipped with broad range of measures to handle stressfull business environment and economic changes that may occur. Specifically, particular change in any macro economic policies are treated with utmost sincerety and needed change is implemented to overcome it. Thus more recently the economic crises has very little effect on Pantaloon, as the company could envisage the problem and taken specific measures to overcome this. The percentage of leased out premises to its its total retail outlet was nearly 65% towards the beginning of year 2008. The companys outflow in rental expenditure was a large sum of money. The company could oversee the challenge of offereing competitive pricing during the era of economic meltdown. Based on the same company started having its own premises by creating a special vehicle Future Capital Holdings which is 100% subsidiary of Pantaloon Retail India Limited. This has brought d own not only the rental outflow but also ensured better offering to customers in terms of competitive pricing as compared to its competitors.

Harlequin Five Forces Analysis Essay

High economies of scale required. For an entrant to gain success in romance novel market, it must possess mature sales, production, and distribution to operate effectively, which also leads to great risk. High product differentiation required. Other companies start to add more features while Harlequin products remain relatively unchanged. Significant capital requirement required. This is evident in Simon and Schuster’s case, in which it bears a high upfront investment for this battle. Access to distribution channels is medium to difficult. Harlequin has gained exclusive access to groceries, but failed on stand-alone retails. Other competitors either choose regular bookstore or similar as Harleuqins’; however, it might be difficult to entrants to gain access to these channels by themselves. Government policy has been very protective to authors; however, no clear restrictions on product images. Buyers Power Increasing buying power due to additional competing products Low switching cost Changing target markets A variety of choices Poor retention rate, high return rate Loss of existing customers and high cost of attracting a new customer American Romance Series to meet consumer’s tastes Substitutes Threat of Substitutes is high due to technology advancement and demand diversification. Evident in Harlequin’s attempts of film, magazine and scholar’s choice (bookstore). Suppliers Power Increasing supplier power due to promising offer from Simon and Schuster Loss of excellent authors who later generate sales for Simon and Schuster shows that authors possess significant supplier power Other supplier powers such as sales force, printing business are relative stable Industry Competitors, Rivalry among existing firms Low growth rate as more competitors are competing for a stable market other competitors are earning market share at Harlequin’s expenses oligopolistic market is another factor of intense competition â€Å"Romance War† due to introduction of silhouette Simon and Schuster introduced Silhouette, a rival line of romance novels, in 1980 32% market share and rising Competes the oversea markets Emerging competitors as a result of Silhouette’s introduction; also evident in 5 additional rival lines launched in 1982 accelerate the intensity of competition and decrease Harlequin’s market share and volume sales Possession of competitive advantage (i.e. No best seller management and standardization) which ease competition temporarily Bitter rivalry with Sillhouette – S&S although losing money, but gaining market share underestimated by Harlequin hired Harlequin’s former vice president and best-selling authors advertising budget copied Harlequin’s Presents – confused buyers Financial Revenue increase slowly Profit dropped to half 1980-1981 ($44.7 –> 22.3) drastically decreased from 1982 -1983 ($25.8 –> 5.5) remove unprofitable subsidiaries – films, scholar’s choices, magazine etc Debt high debt ratio – rapid increase from 1980-1982, then lower in 1983 expensive bad debts from the Reader Service Cost 40 new stores eating up all the cash increasing costs of Reader Services reducing costs at corporate level – cut overhead expenses by 20% sales decreased, advertising expenses increased Working Capitals decreasing working capitals – lack of cash flow for investment – only 33 millions in 1983

Jesus and the Dignity of Women

From the beginning of Christ’s mission, women show to him and to his mystery a special sensitivity which is characteristic of their femininity. It must also be said that this is especially confirmed†¦ not only at the Cross but also at the dawn of the Resurrection. The women are the first at the tomb. They are the first to find it empty. They are the first to hear: â€Å"He is not here. He has risen, as he said†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ They are also the first to be called to announce this truth to the Apostles. Mark reports that at the time of the crucifixion of Jesus all his male disciples had fled. But there were some women watching from a distance. Among them were Mary Magdala, Mary who was the mother of James the younger and Joses, and Salome. These used to follow him and look after him when he was in Galilee. And many other women were there who had come up to Jerusalem with him (Mark 15: 40). Here Mark uses the same expression for â€Å"following† Jesus as he does in the case of the disciples. Women were disciples in the same way as men. That was new for the world of the time. In the circle of Jesus’ disciples women were on the same footing. What moved Jesus to gather women around him in the same way as men? Evidently as a man he had no fears about coming into contact with women. All the Gospels report that it was the women who had persevered by Jesus’ cross. The woman â€Å"who had a flow of blood† (cf. Mk 5:25-34), who could not touch anyone because it was believed that her touch would make a person â€Å"impure†. Each of them was healed, and the last-mentioned – the one with a flow of blood, who touched Jesus’ garment â€Å"in the crowd† (Mk 5:27) – was praised by him for her great faith: â€Å"Your faith has made you well† (Mk 5:34). The Gospel of St. Luke pays special attention to Jesus’ relationship with women. He tells how Jesus on his wanderings was accompanied not only by the twelve but also by† certain women whom he had cured of evil spirits and ailments: Mary Magdalene, from whom seven demons had gone out, Joanna the wife of Herod’s steward Chuza. Susanna and many others. They provided for Jesus and his disciples out of their own resources â€Å"(Luke 8: 2). So when Jesus was wandering around the country, there were always women around him with whom he had a personal relationship. He had healed them, touched them, raised them up, and freed them from demons, i. e. from patterns of life which restricted them, from disparaging and condemning themselves. He had restored their dignity as women. And these women weren’t just recipients: they also gave something to Jesus in return. They served him not only with their resources, but also with their capabilities, with the inner and outer gifts at their disposal. The Greek word for† serve â€Å"really means serving at table. The women served at table, they served life. They aroused life in Jesus and his disciples. They created a sphere in which life could flourish. In the house of the sisters Mary and Martha, who have given hospitality to Jesus (Luke 10: 38 – 42), Mary is sitting at Jesus’ feet. The phrase used to describe this posture is one typically used of discipleship. It is similarly said of Paul that he had sat at the feet of Gamaliel and had been instructed in the law of the Lord (Acts 22: 3). So this woman is just as much a disciple as the other disciples of Jesus. Whereas Martha serves Jesus and his disciples at table, Mary just sits there and listens to Jesus and tells him that he should ask Mary to help her. But Jesus takes sides with Mary. She has chosen the good part, which will not be taken away from her. The scene in which Luke portrays Martha shows how open Jesus was in his dealings with women. He claims their hospitality, but he also takes them seriously as disciples. He instructs Mary in what matters most to her. And he joins in the clash between the two sisters without hurting one of them and without allowing himself to be taken over by the other. He makes a clear stand, but in such a way that neither feels scorned. Yet another scene in the Gospel of Luke seems to me important in shedding light on Jesus’ relations with women. The angel by the tomb says to the women who are to be the first witnesses of the resurrection, â€Å"Remember what he said to you when he was still in Galilee† ( Luke 24: 6). For the angels, the women are witnesses not only to the resurrection but also to the words which Jesus has spoken to them. Jesus proclaimed his teachings not only to male disciples but also to female disciples. They bear witness to his teaching on an equal footing. They hand on his words. They recall these words and keep them in their memories. And as with Mary, these sayings go round and round in their minds, penetrating into them more and more deeply. So the interpretation of the message of Jesus isn’t just given by the men, but to an equal degree by women. When Luke narrates a scene with a man as the chief character, it is immediately followed by another with a woman in the main role. A parable about a woman is played off against a parable about a man. Luke believes that he can speak rightly about men and women at the same time. Unfortunately the church didn’t draw any conclusions from this. For too long, only men interpreted the message of Jesus. The deepest friendship with a woman is that which associates Jesus with Mary of Magdala. Jesus drove seven demons out of Mary Magdalene. She owed him her life. When Jesus died, her world collapsed. But her love outlasted death. Her encounter with the risen Christ is another beginning for her life story. When she saw him, she’s completely transformed, and says to him, â€Å"Rabboni† (My Master) (John 10:16). In the history of Christianity many women have lived as friends of Jesus like Teresa of Avila and Hildegard of Bingen. Jesus of Nazareth confirms this dignity, recalls it, renews it, and makes it a part of the Gospel and of the Redemption for which he is sent into the world. Every word and gesture of Christ about women must therefore be brought into the dimension of the Paschal Mystery. In this way everything is completely explained.

Animal Testing The Future of Pharmaceuticals Essay

Millions of chemicals have been discontinued in everyday uses, such as in plant poisons, through animal testing, they have been donned to be unsafe for people and environment. Without animal testing, the general public would still be using these hazardous chemicals. Many humanitarians may be opposed to testing chemicals on animals, but if scientists didn’t test on animals, individuals would have to test the deadly chemicals or live in a world where people don’t know if the chemicals they are using are poisonous and lethal to the human society. Animal testing may be wrong in some instances, but it does not compare to the benefits that it brings to this society in many different areas. A person should not have to imagine how this world†¦show more content†¦Many over the counter and prescription drugs are also tested by animals to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the drug. An abundant amount of people are demanding safe drugs (PIR Partners Research), w hich, agreeably, is a necessity with the people of today to be able to feel safe and confident about what is put into their bodies, but because of this demand more and more animals are being sacrificed for the safety of humanity. Society deserves the right to know of the safety of products that are, supposedly, supposed to make people better and not worse than the current state. Because of the effectiveness of animal testing, â€Å"a parent whose child swallowed a certain type of cleanser†¦ can phone a poison control center for immediate instructions rather than rushing the child to an emergency room. In effect, knowledge gained from toxicity testing has made possible a response that saves money as well as lives† (PIR Partners Research). Alternatives are awfully limited (PIR Partners Research) to anything other than observing living animals. 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